Mahatma Gandhis Leadership Styles - 1655 Words

INTRODUCTION Leadership is about casting a vision and allowing it to seep into others so that they follow the lead. Mahatma Gandhi is a world renowned leader who was a politician, a writer, an intellectual and a gifted orator. I find it incredible that as a young boy, Gandhi did not display any leadership qualities. He was a below average student (lack-luster) and very shy. His remarkable metamorphosis from a dull boy to a brilliant leader attests to the fact that good leaders are made. He has inspired and motivated great leaders such as Albert Einstein, Nelson Mandela and Barack Obama. Gandhi championed passionately for four main causes: India’s independence from Great Britain, Hindu – Muslim unity, the causes of the poor and equality and†¦show more content†¦I marvel at his ability to inspire and influence masses and his modesty and sobriety despite wielding massive influence. His epic moment and the most successful campaign against the British was the salt march when tho usands of followers joined him on a 400 km march. RELATIONS - ORIENTED / PEOPLE-CENTRIC To be a good leader, one needs to have soft skills in order be to construct bridges of empathy with people. Gandhi had a knack for knowing the issues that were affecting his followers and he always struck a significant cord that resonated with them. I think his versatility is reflected in the fact that he could appeal to the intellectuals as well as the common man. He had a solid value system from which all of his activities sprang. He also had a totally interdependent relationship with his followers. Gandhi’s humility and genuine care for his opponents as well as his followers meant that virtually everyone Gandhi met had an emotional response to the man and his actions. He took the causes for the poor and made them his own campaigns. For example, he championed for the rights of farmers, led a mill workers strike, campaigned against unfair taxes, sought to bring fair treatment to people in South Africa and campaigned against the repealing of the Salt Tax and Indian Independence itself. He believed that poverty was the worst form of violence. I am amazed at the manner in which Gandhi used fasting as a tool to reconcile quarreling parties. At the frailShow MoreRelatedLeadership Ethics : Martin Luther King, Mahatma Gandhi And Jack Welch933 Words   |  4 Pagesthat there is no single formula for leadership, and it will be best understood from multiple perspectives (Shriberg and Shriberg, 2011). We also accept the fact that every leader leads differently. Our team has chosen three exemplary leaders of all time – Martin Luther King, Mahatma Gandhi and Jack Welch. Each one of them has exhibited a great amount of leadership skills and up to this day are used as examples in our current globalised economics. Their leadership has shaped countries and their influenceRead MoreMahatma Gandhi Research Paper1564 Words   |  7 PagesMahatma Gandhi Aroused by the massacre of Amritsar in 1919, Gandhi devoted his life to gaining India’s independence from Great Britain. As the dominant figure used his persuasive philosophy of non-violent confrontation, he inspired political activists with many persuasions throughout the world (Andrews 23). Not only was Mahatma Gandhi a great peacemaker, but also his work to achieve freedom and equality for all people was greatly acknowledged. Gandhi’s unconventional style of leadership gainedRead MoreMahatma Gandhi : A Leader Of India s Independence Movement1230 Words   |  5 PagesMahatma Gandhi was a primary leader of India’s independence movement and also the architect of a form of non-violent civil disobedience that influenced the world. Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2nd, 1869 in Porbandar, Kathiawar, India, which was then apart of the British Empire. He was assassinated on January 30, 1948. His father, Karamchand Ghandi served as a chief minister and his mother P utlibai was deeply religious. Gandhi grew up worshipping the Hindu god Vishnu and followed Jainism, aRead MoreMahatma Gandhi, An Inspirational And Non Violent Leader Essay1425 Words   |  6 PagesMahatma Gandhi was an inspirational and non-violent leader who was instrumental in both South Africa and India during their social movements. He is now known as an international symbol of piece and human rights. Business academics throughout the world have also praised Gandhi as a pioneer of non-violent activism contributing his methods to the theory of transformational leadership. He showcases a multitude of characteristics, which couldn’t be contextualized through various management and organizationalRead MoreLeadership Styles : Nelson Mandela And Mahatma Gandhi s Peace Movement1209 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstanding the power of two historical leaders using different leadership styles offers a foundation and direction that can be used in future conflicts to evolve positive ch ange. Nelson Mandela and Mahatma Gandhi exemplified to the world that when disharmony shows its ugly face, there can be other ways to fight for change. Mandela’s efforts in the South African Apartheid beginning in 1948 and ending in 1994, chose forceful recognition while Gandhi working in the Peace Movement beginning in 1893Read MoreMohandas Gandhi : A Of Gandhi s Leadership Essay1778 Words   |  8 PagesMohandas to Mahatma: A Glimpse of Gandhi’s Leadership Justin Hussey Western Kentucky University Mohandas to Mahatma: A Glimpse of Gandhi’s Leadership Mohandas K. Gandhi was born and raised in Porbandar, India on October 2, 1869 into a family of a privileged caste (Gandhi Desai, 1927). He was raised by a father who was the Chief Minister of Porbandar and a mother of great devotion to the Hindu religion, and he was given thorough educational opportunity, which led to his attainmentRead MoreLeadership Is A Crucial Part Of Life898 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership is a crucial part of life. Without leaders the world would probably fall apart. People need leaders to follow and to set an example for them. Leaders step up and stand up for what they believe in. They can be men or women and even children. Leaders can be found in every country, state, and city. They are located around the world, but not all leaders are good, effective leaders. There are leaders that abuse their power. However, there are also selfless leaders who truly make an impact onRead MoreGandhi : The Situational Leader3106 Words   |  13 Pages Gandhi: The Situational Leader Akanksha Jolly ESLI â€Æ' Gandhi: The Situational Leader According to Burns(1978) â€Å"Leadership is the reciprocal process of mobilizing by persons with certain motives and values, various economic, political, and other resources, in a context of competition and conflict, in order to realize goals independently or mutually held by both leaders and followers† (p. 425). Leaders often find themselves in violent situations, and many of them are unsure of how toRead MoreThe Assassination Of Mahatma Gandhi1912 Words   |  8 Pages Synthesis Essay- Mahatma Gandhi MSgt Tiffany J. Jones Air Force Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy Mahatma Gandhi 504. 240. 2,555. 6. The number 504 represents the hours spent fasting in hunger strikes against racial injustice. The number 240 represents miles journeyed in protest against unjust taxes. The number 2,555 represents the number of days in prison for civil disobedience. The number 6 represents the number of assassination attempts made. What do those numbersRead MoreMahatma Gandhi : The Hero Of The Indian Independence Struggle1723 Words   |  7 PagesMahatma Gandhi, the hero of the Indian Independence struggle, was the architect of a form of non-violent civil disobedience that would influence the world. Mahatma Gandhi studied both law and religion and advocated for the civil rights of Indians, both at home under British rule and in South Africa. Gandhi became a leader of India’s independence movement, organizing boycotts against British institutions in peaceful forms of civil disobedience Born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, India, Gandhi grew

What Is Greed Free Essays

string(119) " he might not have been defeated by the allies at all, it was his greed that led to not only his bus his regimes fall\." When Does Greed Become Too Much? In 2008, employees within a failing firm on Wall Street were given $16 billion in bonuses. That seems outrageous, doesn’t it? Anger was the response of the American people indefinitely. However, if they had done further research they would have realized that the $16 billion in bonuses was merely half of what the company gave out in bonuses during good times. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is Greed? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many of the reporters telling the story discussed the issue of rewarding the greed of the employees with taxpayer money. Which brings us to the question, what exactly is greed? If they would have earned more before, they are expecting the amount that is coming. It is not greed if every year before that the money had been guaranteed, is it? The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines greed as, â€Å"a selfish and excessive desire for more of something than is needed. † ________________________________________________________________________ The word greed dates back to the 1200-1300’s, where in France it came from the word avarus meaning greedy which was a form of avere meaning to crave or long for. Coming from the word avarus was avaritia which meant just greed and from that word came avarice which meant greed or covetousness (Harper, 1). Covetousness is defined as an envious eagerness to possess something(Merriam-Webster, 2). Greed from the 1600’s to present is a back formation of the word greedy which has many routes and definitions. The West Saxon word graedig or the Anglican word gredig both meant voracious or covetous (Harper, 1). Voracious is defined as wanting to devour great quantities or having a very eager approach to an activity (Merriam Webster). From the Proto-Germanic language were the words graedagaz and graeduz meaning greed and hunger; possibly from the Proto-Indo-European root gher- meaning to want or in Scotland grdh- to be greedy. The origin that the people against the Wall Street bonuses would appreciate the most would be the one from the Greek word phyilargyros meaning â€Å"money-loving† and also the German word for greedy, habsuchtig coming from haben meaning â€Å"to have† +sucht meaning â€Å"sickness, disease† (Harper, 1). The last one is the most interesting because it is suggesting that greed is something than can come and go with the right or wrong stimulants, like a sickness does. What then would one need to do to boost their immune system against this greed? Or is greed something impossible for people to avoid? From the etymology we have found that greed can be related to hunger and envy and the want to have more and more, were these definitions consistent in their use over time? In order to better understand what greed really is we need to take a moment to look back at the history of greed and how often it has occurred throughout the world. In 1527 A. D. the Spaniards had sailed across the Atlantic Ocean and come across the empire of the Incas. They were on their way to the New World and they came across a raft with a crew of approximately 20 men along with many treasures. After catching a glimpse of the treasure on the raft, the greed of the Spaniards welled up until they decided to conduct an expedition to conquer the Incas’ empire. After many years of getting a crew and resources for this expedition the Spaniards finally headed into the Incas Empire in 1532 A. D. ; fortunately the conquering of the empire was easier due to the civil war of the Incas. The Spaniards took the Incas emperor hostage and in return were offered a room of silver and gold as his ransom. The Spaniards greed continued to get bigger and they took the contents of the room, but did not return the emperor, but instead killed him. The Incan people then revolted under the Spanish control (History World, 1). If the Spaniards and not been so greedy in their desire to take over the empire maybe they could have won over the people as their own; instead they were driven by greed and one man even named them thieves of the Incan people. Mansio Serra Leguizamon, the last conquistador, said: â€Å"I wish your Your Majesty to understand the motive that moves me to make this statement is the peace of my conscience and because of the guilt I share. For we have destroyed by our evil behavior such a government as was enjoyed by these natives. They were so free of crime and greed, both men and women, that they could leave gold or silver worth a hundred thousand pesos in their open house. So that when they discovered that we were thieves and men who sought to force their wives and daughters to commit sin with them, they despised us. Instances similar to that of the Spaniards and the Incas repeated themselves multiple times throughout history. From the land greed of the Europeans against the people of Africa to the land greed of the Americans against the Native Indians, those nations that progress seem to demonstrate an intense level of greed in order to get to the top. However, while this greed in particular led to the succ ess of those nations demonstrating it there have also been examples where it led to the demise of a dictator or of a group as a whole. For example, Adolf Hitler had already defeated the majority of his European enemies, the last being Great Britain. Hitler had signed a pact two years prior stating that he would not wage war on them, causing the nations to not have armed themselves. Hitler’s decision to break this agreement could only be motivated by his greed to dominate all the other countries; even if Great Britain was ten times the size of his empire. While Nazi Germany had the most powerful military at the time they were not used to the cold weather and were soon overcome by the Soviet Union troops. If Hitler had simply left the Soviet Union alone he might not have been defeated by the allies at all, it was his greed that led to not only his bus his regimes fall. You read "What Is Greed?" in category "Papers" Other examples of the fall of entire nations due to greed include the fall of the Roman Empire and the fall of Ancient Greece. A large group of historians have come to the conclusion that the majority of progress in the world is a result of the greed of more powerful nations to become even more powerful. This system is good for those progressing and bad for the smaller, less developed nations who are being taken over. Whether or not greed is moral in this aspect is another argument, but the definition of greed stated previously is most definitely applicable to these historical examples. In the example of the Spaniards and Incas it is greed because the Spaniards already had their own empire across the ocean, however they were driven by the want of more land and of the treasure of the Incas to continue on and take more than was necessary for the nation to survive. Again it seemed unnecessary for the Europeans and the Americans to take the land of the Africans and Native Indians when they already had land elsewhere, it was an unnecessary conquest. In the example of Hitler attacking the Soviet Union, it was greed because he already had a pact with them to be at peace and he broke it because he wanted more. It was not necessary for him to attack the Soviet Union but he did due to greed and the consequence of this was the demise of his regime; the same fall similar to that of the Roman Empire and Ancient Greece. It seems that throughout history the people’s perception of what greed is has remained in line to the definition from the Merriam-Webster Dictionary and this definition is consistent to the past of he word greed, just more detailed than previous definitions. It looks as though there is no way for people to avoid being greedy in its completion, whether it be wanting more candy than you need at Halloween (which was all of us at some point, I’m sure) or wanting extreme amounts of money to be paid to you from work†¦everyone has demonstrated a greedy behavior at least once in their life. This brings about th e question, is there a point to where greed becomes too overwhelming? By this I simply mean that you are not likely to hate a three year old dressed in a cowboy costume for asking for more candy when they already have a full bag on Halloween, but you might hate someone who already makes $50,000 to $100,000 a year and is receiving a bonus on top of this pay†¦when their company is failing and is being paid by bail out consisting of your tax payers dollars. Is the three year old just as guilty as the Wall Street firm employee? Most people would say no, the three year old is too young to really understand what greed is. Okay, so what about a six year old or an eight year old or a twelve year old†¦at what age does it become socially unacceptable to act in a greedy fashion? Let’s look at another comparison, but this time between people of an older age group. It’s a bright, sunny day in the city and a married couple is walking down the street when they look down and find an a hundred dollar bill. Instantly the man jumps for joy because he can finally afford some football paraphernalia he had been saving up money on the side for. The husband didn’t even think to ask the wife what she thought they should do with the money. Most people would dismiss this and say, â€Å"Oh, it’s just a hundred dollars for football stuff. Let the man be. † What if the same man worked for AIG and received a ridiculous paycheck and was asking for a bigger bonus at Christmas time to buy football paraphernalia? What’s the difference? It’s still the same man using extra or â€Å"bonus† money to buy the same football paraphernalia, but people tend to freak out when the money is coming from a company that already pays exorbitant amounts for the annual salary and then they give out a bonus in addition to this. According to the definition of greed presented by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, â€Å" a selfish and excessive desire for more of something than is needed,† both men are acting greedy. Both men from the examples are definitely presenting a selfish desire because they are going to use the extra money for themselves and football paraphernalia isn’t necessarily a necessity in everyday life. The issue of greed, similar to that of justice, seems to find its way back to jealousy and morals. What people consider too much greed depends on their view of right and wrong, and how many possessions or how much money they personally have. We may not want to admit this because we think that we have the ability to separate ourselves and judge independently, but the reality is that the majority of people are not able to do this. Sure, they may be able to present a definition-correct response and say that the three year old has bad character and is too greedy, but most people would look over the actions of a mere three year old. They may be able to say that the AIG employee is unable to determine the fate of the economy and has worked hard and deserves the bonus and should be able to do what he wants with it, but deep down they’re jealous of their higher situation and wonder if the AIG employee really deserves such high amounts of money for what they do. As a result of jealousy people tend to claim that others demonstrate too much greed. However if they looked at their own life on a day to day basis would they see that they have been greedy on smaller but much more frequent scales in comparison to the one major instance of the AIG employee? Who is anyone to judge who is too greedy when even the smallest acts of greed are still a greedy action? Maybe everyone is equally corrupt by greed but only large monetary instances are brought into the media in our society. Have we answered the initial question, when does greed become too much? Yes, we have. The common view of people today is that greed is not too much when it is a child asking for more candy on Halloween but it is too much when it is an employee receiving a $16 billion bonus. This can be simplified or abstracted into greed becomes too much when it reaches a larger, noticeable scale. In other words, greed is too much when someone is striving for something less than 10% of the population will attain. If the population had no lower class it was simply middle and higher classes, there would be more people in the higher class and therefore fewer would find greed present because it would seem more attainable. Greed is determined on the basis of what is attainable to the majority of people. Works Cited Merriam-Webster Inc. Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster, n. d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. http://www. merriam-webster. com/. Harper, Douglas. â€Å"Online Etymology Dictionary. † Online Etymology Dictionary. N. p. , 2001. Web. 08 Oct. 2012. http://www. etymonline. com/index. php? search=greed. â€Å"HISTORY OF THE SPANISH EMPIRE. † HISTORY OF THE SPANISH EMPIRE. N. p. , n. d. Web. 08 Oct. 2012. http://www. historyworld. net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories. asp? groupid=1735. Merriam-Webster Inc. â€Å"Greed. † Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster, n. d. Web. 08 Oct. 2012. http://www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/greed. â€Å"AIG Bonus Payments Controversy. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 10 Apr. 2012. Web. 10 Oct. 2012. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/AIG_bonus_payments_controversy. How to cite What Is Greed?, Papers

Julies Biscuit free essay sample

The factory back then was small, operating a single oven line. In early 1984, two brothers, Sai Ah Sai and Sai Chin Hock, were invited to take over the factory as major shareholders. Sai Chin Hocks vision played an important role in the development of the company. He purchased a second oven line in 1989, a third in 1991 and a fourth in 2004. Before the participation of the Sai brothers, the companys biscuits were marketed through wholesalers. In 1985, Markins Corporation was appointed the sole distributor in the state of Johor. Gradually, over a period of six years, Markins grew and expanded to eight branches throughout peninsular Malaysia. In the first few years of Perfect Foods operations, it sold biscuits with no brand name other than the companys own. Then in 1987, Perfect Food began to market its biscuits under the brand name Julies. As a relatively new biscuit manufacturer, Perfect Food faced some resistance from supermarkets in carrying its products. We will write a custom essay sample on Julies Biscuit or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However through persistence and constant sampling exercises with the now popular Peanut Butter Sandwich, Julies earned its first supermarket entry at Pakson Grand, Johor Bahru in 1988. The following year, Julies Love Letters (wafer rolls) gained popularity (also through regular sampling exercises) and soon made their way to become the most sought-after biscuits during festive seasons, particularly Chinese New Year. To expand the opportunity of widening its brand presence in European markets and Wal-Mart outlets, Perfect Food underwent further factory upgrading in late 2005 and was awarded the British Retail Consortium food standard certification in June 2006. Also, in early 2006, Perfect Food was awarded the Industry Excellence Award 2005 by the Ministry of International Trades and Industries. In 2003, Markins revamped its distribution network and reduced to six branches. By then it had covered more than 10,000 outlets of the modern and general trade. Now it has its name changed to Julies Marketing with six branches and four sub-branches. Extracted from http://www. julies. com. my/corporateInfo1. php OUR VISION Our  Vision  is to be the leading quality biscuit manufacturer. We are confident that the quality of Julie’s biscuits matches, and in some cases better than many major renowned international brands. As such, we envisage â€Å"Julie’s† to be one of the leading brands in the international arena, in the near future. OUR MISSION Our  Mission  is to constantly upgrade our baking technology and improve the quality of our products so that we will always remain ahead of our competitors. We invest in contemporary high-speed equipment, upgraded our ovens and introduced new packaging to satisfy the various needs of the consumers. Extracted from   In rapidly developing Malaysia, the demand for better quality biscuits is on the rise. Julie’s Peanut Butter Sandwich and Love Letters (wafer rolls) are well received by Malaysians as well as overseas consumers. Julie’s has become a household name in the relatively short period. Since 2005, Julie’s biscuits have been exported to more than 50 countries, including Asean, the Middle East, Japan, Taiwan, China, Mongolia, Bhutan, Nepal, Bangladesh, India, France, Spain, Portugal, Pacific islands, Indian Ocean islands, South Korea, Africa, the US, Canada, New Zealand and Australia. In Malaysia, Julie’s biscuits are widely distributed through all major hypermarkets, supermarkets, mini markets and other retail outlets. With the goal of becoming a renowned international brand, Julie’s maintains a strong  commitment to producing better quality biscuits, catering primarily to the middle and upper class consumers. With this focused commitment, Julie’s aims to be a regional leader in quality biscuits. Extracted from http://www. julies. com. my/corporateInfo4. php

Toni Cade Bambaras The Lesson Essays - The Lesson, Toni Cade Bambara

Toni Cade Bambara's The Lesson Essay on The Lesson by Toni Cade Bambara Toni Cade Bambara's The Lesson is a very well written piece of history. This is a story from yesterday, when Harlem children didn't have good education or the money to spring for it. Bambara's tale tells about a little girl who doesn't really know how to take it when a good teacher finally does come along. This girl's whole life is within the poverty stricken area and she doesn't see why she must try hard. The teacher, Miss Moore, shows them what it is all about by taking them to a rich toy store, one in which a single toy costs more than year's supply of food. We immediately learn that Miss Moore is not the average Harlem teacher. She is educated herself, along with being very opinionated. The children explain that she has nappy hair and no makeup, probably signifying that she was a part of the African American movement. Miss Moore was more than arithmetic and spelling. She attempted to teach the children about life and politics as well. In a way the children were innocent before Mi ss Moore came along. They thought that everyone else old, stupid, young, or foolish- while the children were perfect. Miss Moore showed them what they truly were- and why education was so important. The first thing learned is that poverty is a way of life for these children. Although they know they are poor, it doesn't bother them because everyone there is poor. It's okay to be without when there isn't any competition. An example of this is seen when the children talk of their study areas at home. Only one of them actually have a desk and paper, and the others think nothing of it. Instead they tell her to shut up about it. The children are proud of themselves and of their life. Miss Moore finally leads the kids to the toy store. The are immediately dazzled by the toys in the windows; even declaring which ones they were gonna buy. The children seemed to know they couldn't afford the toys, but they didn't think they would be off by much. The once brave and proud and strong children we re hobbled at the door, none of which wanting to go in first. Here is the point where they get slapped in the face. Here is where they first see that they do not belong here. Eventually one of them pushes through the crowd and throws herself into the gallery of toys. They go around gazing at the different objects. Miss Moore drives the point home by leading them to the fact that one toy costs as much as their family eats in a year. In the end they feel like fighting for more than they have. One thing that pulls the reader deeply into the story is the narration. It is told through the eye's of a little Harlem girl. She thinks she is tough and mean but the reader sees she is not by reading between the lines. The best part of the narration is the voice. The lines that are read are in the dialect of the girl. This gives the voice a poetic rhythm that keeps the story flowing. With out slang the story would lose a lot of it's heart. Theater Essays

Free Essays on I Wandered Lonely As A Cloud

like the gentle flower that he is describing. He mentions that the daffodils are â€Å"fluttering† â€Å"dancing â€Å" and â€Å"twinkling,† such terms make the lines flow with a musical eloquence. He is able to make the daffodils come to life in a joyous movement making me feel like I am also swaying along with the flowers. We can see that he holds daffodils and nature in high regard. This poem has a lot of nature images that you can practically see: the trees, the water, the stars, and the daffodils. His tone is merry and flows quickly and nicely. It's like he is creating a painting not a poem. The images around him all seem to be in harmony, and, like he says, "dance" together. The extent of his joy is when he is among the daffodils, but the greater experience he seems to gain is the recollection of that moment of tranquility while with that "jocund company." The cloud he mentions is used not to represent loneliness, bu... Free Essays on I Wandered Lonely As A Cloud Free Essays on I Wandered Lonely As A Cloud William Wordsworth is a famous Romantic English poet known for his imagery. In his poem "I wandered lonely as a cloud," we can see his use of imagery and emotion at its best. This also happens to be one of my favorite poems. This poem's plot is simple. We the reader are being taken along for a magical trip that the author is recounting. The speaker says that while wandering like a cloud floating above hills and valleys he encounters a field of daffodils beside a lake. These dancing, fluttering flowers caught the heart of our speaker. We can obviously see that this moment in his life has meant a great deal to him. He says that a poet could not help but be happy in such a joyful company of flowers. He also says whenever he feels "vacant" or "pensive" the memory flashes upon "that inward eye / That is the bliss of solitude," and his heart fills with pleasure "and dances with the daffodils." The imagery Wordsworth uses is very powerful, making me feel like I too saw this wonderful sight of daffodils. He uses gentle words like the gentle flower that he is describing. He mentions that the daffodils are â€Å"fluttering† â€Å"dancing â€Å" and â€Å"twinkling,† such terms make the lines flow with a musical eloquence. He is able to make the daffodils come to life in a joyous movement making me feel like I am also swaying along with the flowers. We can see that he holds daffodils and nature in high regard. This poem has a lot of nature images that you can practically see: the trees, the water, the stars, and the daffodils. His tone is merry and flows quickly and nicely. It's like he is creating a painting not a poem. The images around him all seem to be in harmony, and, like he says, "dance" together. The extent of his joy is when he is among the daffodils, but the greater experience he seems to gain is the recollection of that moment of tranquility while with that "jocund company." The cloud he mentions is used not to represent loneliness, bu...

Btn 7 - Geiger

BTN 7-4 – Page 312 TO: Wendy Geiger DATE: June 19, 2011 SUBJECT: Manual Accounting Modifications for Expanded Business M E M O R A N D U M This memo is to advise you of the best possible ways for you to modify your current manual accounting system to accommodate the expanded business activities for your retail store. Pursuant to our conversation, you generally obtain your goods on credit using purchase orders, and your sales are primarily cash. You currently keep your manual accounting system using a general journal and a general ledger, and you make one summary entry for cash sales at the end of each business day. Due to increased demand for your products and higher sales volume, including credit sales, maintaining the accounting records has become time consuming, but you would like to continue with your manual system. Allow me to provide pertinent information that will assist you in continuing your manual system in the most efficient way. The accounting information system is one that collects and processes relevant data from transactions, and organizes them into relevant reports. This system is also used to report and record the exchange of goods and/or services. It is critical for you to understand how and what transactions are occurring in your business. A small business like yours can be effective with a manual process and with the use of special journals and subsidiary ledgers. With the issues you mentioned in mind, most of your transactions can be categorized into the special journals with the use of four individual journals to complement the general journal you are currently using. Special journals are used to record and post transactions, and are uniquely designed for each business, but for most merchandising companies, the journals used are sales journals, for recording sales on credit; cash receipts journals, to record sales made by cash; purchases journals, for recording goods obtained on credit; and cash disbursements journals, for recording payments made by cash. You are also able to use this format for your ledger. In order to understand special journals, it is necessary for you to understand that a subsidiary ledger is a list of detailed information on specific accounts of individuals with some commonality in the general ledger. One critical ledger is Accounts Receivable, which stores transactions of individual customers. This ledger will give relevant information on the individual customer, the date of purchase, the amount paid, and the amount owed. The other important ledger is Accounts Payable, which stores relevant data of individual suppliers. You would generate this ledger with similar information gleaned from my instructions regarding the Accounts Receivable ledger. These two ledgers are critical for recording your data, and they eliminate the need for posting same in the general ledger. The numbers at the bottom indicate the respective accounts delineated in your Chart of Accounts. You are already summarizing each cash sales at the end of each business day, but my advice would be for you to continue recording the daily sales and purchases because it is necessary for you to balance your subsidiary ledger with your general ledger. Daily reconciliation will enable you to track any and all discrepancies more easily. Total your sales journal accounts at the end of each month and this amount should be the amount in the debit column in the Accounts Receivable. Regarding the last column, you will find more consistency in your inventory system if you follow this procedure. I cannot stress the importance of proving the account balances in the general ledger and subsidiary ledgers periodically for accuracy after posting. You will first prepare a trial balance of the general ledger and confirm that all your debits are in balance with your credits. Additionally, Prepare a schedule of individual accounts and amounts. This is referred to as testing the subsidiary ledger. Generate a schedule of your customers accounts to show the balance owed. If everything balances, the accounts are assumed correct. This method of accounting information system might seem challenging to you at first, but I assure you that this is the most advantageous way for you to maintain your manual system. It is imperative you balance your journals and ledgers every day, without fail, to avoid any unnecessary discrepancies. The example I have provided should be a head start and I am always available if you need additional information, or if I can be of further

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Case Study Example While this move is anticipated to benefit China’s trading partners, since they will be in a position to reap the benefit of a flexible currency exchange rate, which includes increasing the value of their exports to China, there is some dissent view amongst some economists, that doing that will have a negative implication on China and consequently on its trading partners (Alfaro and Tella, 7). On the event that China would make its currency exchange rate more flexible, a high rate of deflation will be experienced in China, which would result to economic decline. This is because; making the exchange rate flexible would mean that the Chinese currency will lose some value relative to other currencies, such as the US dollar. This would mean that the cost of doing business in china will increase, since the multinational corporations and other foreign investments to china will be force to cater for the cost of increased inflation. This might result to having most of the foreign inves tments or the multinational companies moving out of the Chinese market, and seeking to invest in other countries, where the cost of doing business will be relatively lower (Alfaro and Tella, 18). ... The Chinese economy operated under the principles of communism, until reforms were introduced to make it a socialist economy, with private ownership of property and increased reforms in agriculture, state-owned enterprises, banking sector, trade and foreign investment policies, which saw China increase its GDP growth by 9.5% annually, and increase its trade from 10% of GDP to 79% of GDP between 1978 to 2004 (Alfaro and Tella, 15). The most significant change was in foreign investment policies, where China pursued policies that allowed for high foreign investment, resulting to having 50% of Chinas exports being produced by foreign investors by 2004 (Alfaro and Tella, 16). China pursued foreign direct investment into its economy more than borrowing loans, an aspect that saw the FDI account for more than 70% of its capital inflow in the early 2000s. However, the pressure of investment into china reached to a position of imbalance with the household consumption, prompting the Chinese gov ernment to slow down its pursuit for investment, to encourage household consumptions, so that the pressures of investment and consumption would level off. Thus, as opposed to focusing on revaluing the exchange rates, the Chinese government started focusing on domestic policies that would enhance consumption starting 2005 (Alfaro and Tella, 22). Both the domestic policy and the exchange rate revaluation have the impact of increasing deflationary pressure, while increasing the cost of doing business for foreign investors. This calls for a further adjustment to such businesses, which may include increasing their sales in China to cover up for the increased costs, or shifting their businesses to other countries which have less cost of doing business. Therefore, as much as there

Changing environment factor, and Pricing Strategies Essay - 1

Changing environment factor, and Pricing Strategies - Essay Example Undeniably the muffin market in the United States has its share of competitors and Wholesome Muffins will not entirely be entering a new market. Subsequently since the objective is profit maximisation it would be better for Wholesome Muffins to establish a position above the other competitors. To achieve this, the firm will require licence permission to operate as a subsidiary. This also implies that the subsidiary will be registered and licensed under the limited liability option as well as the franchisee alternative. This has a great role in ensuring that the marketing production and growth strategy maintains a direct channel approach (Berry, 2008). Despite the identified influence of the legal entities in the chosen type of organisation, it also presents certain risks. To begin with it would be impractical to establish a place of business in the country if the government fails to cooperate and offer assistance. This could occur through unfriendly policies and standards that will lead to extra expense and cost. If the firm does not also receive political input it will not have the relevant market statistics. This means that it will fail in making the customers preference and taste (Kerin, Hartely, Berkowitz & Redelius, 2006). The lack of cooperation from the government also puts the company at the risk of intellectual property insecurity. Subsequently it will fall behind the competitors increasing its operational management and marketing costs. The United States’ food market was hardly hit by the recent economic crisis that drove the interest rates on goods and legal tender sky high slowly eliminating the unstable and inefficient companies. The remaining companies were forced to diversify to break even. Subsequently the competition for Wholesome Muffins comprises companies that have fresh muffins as just one among their products. However, the competition still exists, and it poses great risks to the firm’s performance. However,

National Development Essay Example for Free

National Development Essay We are here to debate on our country and its developments.The citizens of India have the basic responsibility to think and do his best for the development of the country. In one sentence , te secret of development of india can be achieved on set up of Industries and thereby generation of Employment and value addition of Produce goods and for this infra stature of Good Roads and transportation mode has to be good enough . We need good governence in turn for the development of the nation. For a good Goverence , we need Good Government and a set of good Politicians form a good Government . As the post Politicians it self gives a sign of freedom to act politically / changing faces ., our politicians are have multi faces to manage money for SELF but NOT for the nation. We need good Governors and not Politicians . they shall be treated as Public Servents but not Social servents . A good pay for a lavish life style has to be given first , so that they earn and live at the highest level of life style , as the ae the Managers / Governors / care takers for a given area. To select these so said Governors ,there shall be a scale to measure the crediantial and mere being a Citizen of the nation. Even a Peon , whose work is to keep the office clean and place the work desk in order need basic educition , and why not a leader/ governor doesnt need !! If not education , he should have done good enough for the nation and Not on Mere records . So we have to concerntate on selection of these Leaders/ Governors.

Death Essay -- essays research papers

Death is the termination of lie and its related clinical signs and has been defined in several ways. Death has various stages, signs, and actors affect it that has physiological and ethical responses. It is the nurse’s responsibility to facilitate coping to the dying and the family members, friends and significant other of that person dying.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Death is defined in various ways such as Heart-Lung Death, Whole Brain Death and Higher Brain Death. Taylor, Lillis in her book states that Heart-Lung Death is : â€Å"The irreversible cessation of spontaneous respiration and circulation†, this definition emerged from the historical idea that the flow o body fluids was essential or lie. Whole Brain Death is defined as â€Å"The irreversible cessation o all functions of the entire brain, including the brain stem†. Higher Brain Death is defined as â€Å"The irreversible loss of all ‘higher’ brain functions, of cognitive function and emerged from the belief that the brain is more important than the spinal cord and critical functions are the individuals personality, conscious life, uniqueness, capacity, judging, reasoning, acting, enjoying, and worrying†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The clinical signs of impending or approaching death includes the following: inability to swallow; pitting edema; decreased gastrointestinal and urinary tract activity; bowel and bladder incontinence; loss of motion, sensation, and reflexes; elevated temperature but cold or clammy skin; cyanosis; lowered blood pressure; and noisy or irregular respiration. The client may or may not loss consciousness. The indicators o imminent death is outlined by authors Black, Hawks and Keene states that, â€Å"Certain physical, cognitive, and behavioural changes occurs as a person enters the active dying process. The human body, like any other living organism, seeks survival; in doing so, it oten alters normal physiology. As the body begins to dieblood is commonly shunted to the brain and the heart, the two most common important organs. Thus, peripheral circulation is limited, leading to mottling of cyanosis. Because the kidneys are no longer perfused adequately, there is a dec rease in urine output. Slowly, all body systems become involved in the dying process. Tachycardia and diminished dodo pressure are observed in acute phase of decompensation of the cardiovascular system. The respiratory system... ... The middle-aged often become preoccupied with death as age approaches whereas older adults ear lingering, incapacitating illness and realizes the imminence e death. While the individual is suffering the primary loss, the family and/or significant other must deal with not only the individual reactions, but also with the current loss. The family con provide a support system for the way in which the individual may deal with the loss. They mutually share feelings and openly communicate both negative and positive emotions related to death. In contrast the family in some way is responsible for the death and may thus eel guilty. They may express feeling of anger, shame, overprotection, withdrawal, and identify with the loss or they may feel helpless or hopeless. In assessing the family reaction the nurse should identify the prior interaction style of the system†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although socio-economic status does not influence the degree of emotion experienced, the support system available to channel the emotions is affected. Financial resources – including insurance policies, pensions and saving may provide the dying individual with more options to deal with the death.

Conjoined Twins has Been Reported in Some Newspapers and on the Television News Essay

Explore, analyse and comment on the way the story of the conjoined twins has been reported in some newspapers and on the television news. In modern day society, the media has considerable command and influence over the public. It can be powerful in both positive and negative ways. Although the media is to be embraced, it is also to be treated with utmost care. The way the media is able to manipulate and shape our ideas is paramount to its power; sometimes to the extent where it does not give us a chance to rationalise our opinions. In my opinion the media has a very important function and has a crucial purpose in society. It can be educational, informative, interesting and entertaining yet, at the same time, the media can be biased, derogatory and sensational. Too often, people take notice, [and are influenced by], only one form of media. This can lead to a polarised point of view and therefore a narrow-minded outlook. These people are totally oblivious to the clever devices certain areas of the media will use to ‘con and deceive’ them in order to manipulate their train of thought. In this analysis, I will be exploring exactly how the media does this in both newspaper and television broadcast form. I consider both television broadcasts and newspapers to be equally effective overall in their use of presentational devices. There are, however, fundamental differences in the way this is achieved. Television has the upper hand in terms of sheer versatility; for example, it can use moving diagrams and images to display its ideas whereas the newspapers do not have that ability. In comparison, newspapers are able to make an impact within their limited scope and can be just as effective as a television broadcast. Remember, depending upon the context, a short sharp caption / headline can be far more effective than a moving image. To begin with, I feel that each report is slightly or more heavily biased in one way or another. In my view, there are two clearly different ways in which to summarise the consequences of the failed operation. Firstly, the negative approach. The slant taken here is of a sensationalised tragedy, evoking sympathy and focusing on the twins and their struggling desire to be independent and how they, ‘fell at the last hurdle’. Both The Sun and the ITN news favour this type of report. Secondly, the positive approach. The Independent and the BBC news are much more inclined to portray the twins as happy smiling individuals who fulfilled their dream of separation – if only for a matter of hours. It is very difficult to ignore the deliberately blatant sensational devices that are used by The Sun. There is no doubt in my mind that the emboldened headline: â€Å"Glorious Failure OR a Lethal Gamble?† is attempting to initiate a scandal and is evidently ‘tabloidese’. Nevertheless, considering what the, [stereotypical], characteristics of a, [stereotypical], tabloid reader are, it is a very effective headline for it is scandalous and sensationalised. This is exactly it’s aim. It immediately involves the reader for it is a rhetorical question and therefore a very good non-fiction hook. From the outset of the ITN report, ethical questions are raised upon whether the operation should have been attempted or not. â€Å"the surgeons are†¦trying to explain why it didn’t work. They create a portrayal of the twins making a wrong decision and also they place an element of blame upon the shoulders of the medical team. The opening images of the twins are of them looking anxious, whereas more informative reports clearly indicate that the twins were fully confident that the decision to go ahead with the operation was solely theirs. They are seen to be in a dilema, yet they were totally committed. The subsequent images told of the girls’ life in society. However, rather than focusing upon the positive aspects of their life, [such as the fact that Laleh had helped her sister realise her dream of attaining a law degree], they emphasised their struggle and the hardship they had suffered. The portrayal was as if their whole life was a dramatic tragedy, whereas this was certainly not the case. Similarly, the images shown in The Sun are just as negative. The choice of images are classic for a tabloid on this sort of topic. No scientific diagrams here! They are all downbeat just as though everything was a complete failure. A picture of Dr. Goh is particularly emotional with his head held in his hands. This was also true of the captions, â€Å"Battling in vain†¦Ã¢â‚¬  unarguably negative. I feel that The Sun has blown the event out of all proportion and has missed the point somewhat. It is clear to me that Laden and Laleh Bijani knew the risks and were willing to accept the consequences, however bad they may turn out to be. Therefore, there is no scandal. The use of the â€Å"What do you think?† box at the bottom of the page indicates a distinct lack of sensitivity on what is a clearly a very sensitive story. What right do everyday people have to make a judgement on an event they have been ill informed on? It is The Sun after all! Admittedly, this use of direct appeal is effective for The Sun’s ultimate aim: to sell as many copies as possible for, as with the headline, it involves the reader. In comparison, The Independent has far less emotive pictures. They are reflective yet still touching. The page is dominated by a large portrait of the two twins; happy and smiling, optimistic. The other two smaller pictures are of Dr. Goh and a friend who, unlike in The Sun are pictured showing their obvious disappointment as opposed to their despair. I think it is important to note the facial expression of the twins in the images chosen by each of the papers. They are apparently anxious in The Sun and hopeful and optimistic in The Independent. The pictures from The Independent are the way in which I think the twins would want to be seen by the global community. I feel that the ITN news was rather contradictory in places as â€Å"impossible to imagine what life was like† – and yet they questioned whether the operation should ever have been attempted. If they truly empathised with the twins, they would have realised how desperate they were and that it was solely their decision to proceed. Unquestionably, the ITN news is more tactful in its approach in comparison with The Sun for it does not try to consider alternative options to separation and is ultimately less scandalous. After the initial report, there are video images and archive film of other pairs of conjoined twins to illustrate the fact that there have always been these unfair stereotypical views towards this particular disability. Before the condition was truly understood, these people, real human people, were treated like animals, forced to perform in freak shows. It is therefore understandable that Laleh and Laleh Bijani went to these lengths to achieve their dream. This feature is subsequently followed by a simple but very clear three-dimensional animation describing the medical procedure that the twins went through. Although the ITN news is informative to an extent, compared to the BBC, it lacks depth and scientific details. Incidentally though, ITN is the more entertaining of the two news reports. Despite this, the BBC news has, in my opinion, a far more rounded report that simply informs the reader. Unsurprisingly, both reports have the same bare facts but the BBC elaborates on these aspects with a greater depth of detail. For example, the BBC is the only report out of all four reports that has evidence from the twins themselves. They give a press interview where they state their fearlessness. In addition, the way in which the BBC presents how the operation was performed is not as aesthetically pleasing as that of ITN but is realistic and actually refers to scientific principals, whereas the ITN news does not. I think the BBC have done this because the type of people who would watch their broadcast are considered to be genuinely interested in the scientific aspects of the procedure. Perhaps IT N did not go into so much depth because they might want to appeal to a more general audience. I feel that all four of the articles and reports use language effectively and successfully to achieve their aim. What is instantly striking about The Sun regarding its use of language is that it is pure emotion from the outset. In any newspaper, the first thing that grabs your attention is either the banner headline at the top, (which here is white text against a black background for added visibility), or the main headline, (which is underlined for the same reason). I think phrases such as â€Å"DADS FURY† in the banner headline, sets the tone for the rest of the article. The headline of The Sun, as mentioned before, instantly raises a debate rather than just to tell a story. This is very useful because rhetorical questions always get the readership involved in one way or another. Strangely enough, the headline in The Independent is, on one level, similar to that of The Sun. Doubtlessly, both headlines raise some sort of debate regarding the operation. However, The Independent is significantly more conservative and handles the article in a refrained fashion. There is just one caption in The Independent and is predictably informative and is more of a statement than the three used in The Sun. The Sun has an emotive statement followed by an ellipsis to create emotion, for instance, â€Å"Heartbreak†¦Ã¢â‚¬  These emotive statements are then followed by a short description of who is in the picture. The Independent uses no hint of colloquialism to appeal to a wider, more general audience. However, The Sun does this on a couple of occasions. â€Å"and a pal of the twins† as if to make the reader empathise as well as sympathise to think what it would be like if you lost a â€Å"pal†. The BBC is similar to The Independent for they both use a higher standard of vocabulary and specialist scientific language throughout their report. In comparison the ITN news has a range of vocabulary, including idiom, to make the report more accessible. The Sun is considered to be an â€Å"easy† read so it is of no surprise that both the vocabulary and the sentence structure are relatively simple. The general feeling that I get whilst reading The Independent is that it initially firstly focuses upon the debate in question and secondly comes round to what actually happened. Whether this is deliberate or not remains to be seen but I think it is in this order because it is simply more interesting. Evidence to support this argument lies in the topic sentence. â€Å"the death†¦twins†¦raises questions†¦should have been allowed† Unlike The Sun’s leading sentence, The Independent leads into an evenly supported discussion whereas The Sun’s article is more biased in favour of a negative way. There are two occasions on which italics are used to emphasise a paragraph in The Sun. Its use in the fourth paragraph of the story acts as a sub-heading and I feel that it is in Italics because special notice should be taken of it. It mentions the twins’ father and the following half dozen paragraphs elaborate on the initial focus of the father’s anger. The second instance of Italics is â€Å"Laleh and Laden won the hearts of millions.† Again, this acts as a sub-heading because it leads into a brief description of their personal lives. In the second column, the reporter emboldens one word to initiate discussion, â€Å"to give the women a new life WAS morally justified† The journalist used this to reinforce the theme of dispute into the minds of the reader. However, in my opinion, the readers knew that it was in fact morally justified and so it also used as a connective to link the first part of the story into evidence given by interviewees in the second part of the story. In all four reports, expert opinion and interviews are used to great effect. The interviews within The Independent are taken from people who are genuinely qualified to give an honest and rounded opinion. However, The Sun uses people emotionally connected to the twins and thus their rationality may be clouded and their emotions are more evidently expressed in the evidence given. For instance, a medical ethics expert would be the best person to comment on the medical ethics of the operation, whereas, the man who raised the twins would not be. Alizera Saifain, (the girls adopted father), said: â€Å"I knew they would bring back their bodies. They took them there and killed them† This is an extremely emotive statement. Any parent who witnesses their children die would be traumatised. Equally, the television broadcasts contrast in a similar way. For instance, the BBC World Affairs Correspondent uses a hint of unnecessary repetition on how â€Å"crushed† the medics were regarding the operation. However, some may say that the BBC gives credit to the doctors and surgeons because of the vast amount of time and effort they invested into the twin’s case. Even though it is such a tragic story, the BBC still continues in a positive frame of mind during an interview with an Iranian doctor who stresses how courageous and optimistic the twins were. This demonstrates a personal approach that balances the scientific with the emotional aspects. Furthermore, a neurosurgeon explaining the risks of the operation uses specialist scientific vocabulary and idiom to ensure that his views are accessible to a wide audience including the scientific community. As with The Independent, the BBC also utilises a medical ethics expert from the British Medical Association. The surgeon who is interviewed by ITN news changes the whole mood and the tone of the interview by using the word â€Å"alas†, because this shows that he is, or wants to be, seen as emotionally involved with the twins. Another admirable touch from ITN is that they mention that the relatives of the deceased place no blame upon the doctors. In both sets of interviews, the comments made on the medical teams in particular are relatively complimentary. In addition to this evidence, a German specialist is interviewed and claims that he advised against the operation. He is not able to speak English therefore a voice over translation has been used. This raises questions over its authenticity. Although the main thrust would still be the same, ITN could, potentially, make some subtle changes to emphasise certain points. In conclusion, I think it is quite clear that the each of the four reports fulfil their purpose in every way. They know their target audience and have written their articles and scripts in accordance with this. The purpose of any media is to leave some sort of message with the audience and all four of these do exactly that.

Find a Review for a Film, Preferably One That You Have Seen Essay

According to the distinctions made in Chapter Ten, how is the reviewer approaching the film. Joe Morgenstern presents his review in a formalist manner. A formalist film analysis is concerned with elements such as plot structure, mise en scene, camera techniques, editing, and sound. A formalist film analysis that is strictly concerned with narrative elements, however, might ignore most or all of its cinematic techniques to focus on characters, plot development, story structure, motifs, foreshadowing, motivation, and the like (Goodykoontz & Jacobs, 2011). Morgenstern opens his analysis with a description of the opening scene in this film. He compares the thunderous action of the first scene to the thunderous action that is a hallmark of the producing franchise, and furthers that thought by explaining that the director J. J. Abrams, puts â€Å"explosive charges in our heads and then sets them off† (Morgenstern, 2006, para. 1). He further explains that there is nothing really new to the audience in the presentation of the action film. He explores the attempt of the story to present the main character and hero, Ethan Hunt, as having human side. He describes this attempt as somewhat of a failure. He is quoted as saying â€Å"Ethan has no human side. Ethan has a shooting side, a climbing-and leaping side and a swinging-and-dangling side. And a running side† (Morgenster, 2006, para. 2). Morgenstern explains the character and the action of the film with these quotes. He explains the plot. â€Å"It’s about blowing things up. It’s also an action-thriller variant of dentistry — extracting an IMF agent from a torture chamber in Berlin, extracting the villain from a fancy function at the Vatican, and finally extracting Ethan Hunt from the Chinese lair of his tormentors in order to make sure that the villain can’t blow everything up† (Morganstern, 2006, para. 5). Most of his review is a description of the characters and mise en scene of the film. To what degree does the review acknowledge the public perception of the film? Morgenstern explains the film as delivering the summer escapism that the general public desires. He describes the film by saying, â€Å"the summer’s first action epic does exactly what it’s supposed to do, more clearly than â€Å"M:i:I,† and more likeably than â€Å"M:i:II† (Morganstern, 2006, para. 4) What evidence does each review provide to illustrate main points and claims? Morgenstern reviews actual action scenes from the movie and offers them up to the reader as evidence of the action in the film. He even clearly defines how the scenes with Julia, Ethan’s wife, are shot like, â€Å"super graphics,† and fail the feeling desired. Do any words or phrases capture the essence of the reviewer’s attitude toward the film? I think the quote mentioned above where he describes the film as delivering what it is supposed to deliver says it all. He remains uncommitted as to what his personal preference would be, but goes to great lengths to describe the action scenes in the movie in a favorable way. Additionally, please share with the class exactly which sources you rely on, as a member of the general audience, to evaluate whether or not you will see a movie. I follow the previews of movies. If the preview catches my interest, I am usually a ticket buyer. I do sometimes get disappointed when the preview encapsulates the entire movie. The only exception would be the horror genre. I like to be scared at the movies and view macabre and disturbing content. I might attempt that type of movie without having seen a preview. I also follow the actors in a movie. I have never seen a bad movie with Morgan Freeman as the main character, so sometimes I follow the â€Å"stars. †

Karl Marx Essays - Economic Ideologies, Political Ideologies

Karl Marx Essays - Economic Ideologies, Political Ideologies Karl Marx Karl Marx was born on May 5, 1818, in a place called Trier in Prussia. Marx attended the university of Bonn and later the university of Berlin, where he studied law, while majoring in history and philosophy. Karl Marx was married to his childhood friend Jenny von Westphalen, in 1843. Karl met his closest friend Frederick Engels in September of 1844, when he arrived in Paris. Together they participated in the activities of many revolutionary societies, and formed the theory and ideas of revolutionary proletarian socialism, also known as communism. Marx's health declined due to his strenuous work with Frederick Engels with the theory and the ideas of Communism. On December 2, 1881, his lifelong wife passed away. And just more than a year later Karl Marx died peacefully at his home. Both were buried at Highgate Cemetary in London, where they still lie today. The belief behind socialism is that certain inequalities that are evident in our society are unfair, and that the lesser part of the population should now own the majority of the wealth. However there are different ways socialists believe this should change. Some feel that this change should come through the government, through a gradual process, and some believe this change should come rapidly through a revolution. Socialist beliefs have been growing for many years. It first originated when Western Europe and North America fell victim to the process of industrialization. Before that period, most of these areas dealt and traded in agriculture. But through industrialization, they became trading nations, and later industrial nations. Major changes in the lifestyle of society came with this major economic change. Many went from being self-employed, as a farmer for example, to working in a huge plant. This was how the working class was formed. All of this industrialization in the major c ities, caused many of the people in the rural areas to migrate to these areas in hopes of work. This resulted in the population becoming centralized. This centralization of population led to many problems caused by over-crowding such as crime, disease, and poverty. The ones working in factories weren't the only ones suffering of low wages caused by too much competition, and the desire to cut costs by the owners, but also independent shopkeepers suffered. The craftsmen who had their own shops were swallowed whole by these big factories who could make the same product at mass volumes for half the cost as the shopkeeper. These independent shopkeepers were put out of business. Without any intention at all, capitalism had developed and spread throughout Western Europe and North America. As it grew and expanded, the few owners became wealthier, and the working class became poorer. Still today in western countries exist socialist parties, who look to achieve total or partial socialism for their nation, so they do not have to worry about the problems associated with capitalism.Years later, Karl Marx and his philosophies infulenced later leaders which gave rise to Communism in the world, which then started a political war with Capitalism. One of Marx's main theories was his critical assault on the capitalist system. The capitalist system being based on private ownership of the means of production, which gives the power to very few. Marx himself mounted a full scale attack on the the theories, institutions, and philosophies of industrial capitalism. His main argument was that capitalism was irrational. Marx did agree that the capitalist system was unparalleled at the method of production it used. However, under that same system, the problem existed of how to distribute the products its factories have made. The fact was that under a capitalist system, production was meant to make a profit, not to satisfy the needs of the society. Marx stated that as long as those products being produced, were making a profit, they will remain being produced, no matter whether the public demanded that product, or not. Also with the capitalist system, came competition. This drove the capitalists to cut the costs as much as possible. This is done through cutting the wages of the laborers. It is then evident that the public could no longer afford even the products they themselves produce. Also with competition, came the desire of

Generations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Generations - Essay Example Growing up in this present era is undoubtedly a challenge for me and my colleagues. As we are embittered by our own disappointments and struggles, we are also being plagued by the challenges presented by our immediate environment. In the political aspect, we become a part of the rapidly integrating political systems due to the pressures of globalization. As nations realize the gains earned from opening up their economies to trade and investment, countries delimited by geographical boundaries are fast developing into a single global village. This is further aided by rapid technological advancement brought about by the popularity of virtual reality and internet technology. These further eliminate borders among political entities and promote the integration of nations. The formation of free trade zones and blocs often posts challenges in life of a youth like me. The easy access to other nations exposes everyone to the threats of terrorism. The 9-11 attack serves as a grim reminder of how these political issues shatter the dreams of some youth like me to live in security. It has been a challenge for us youths to be vigilant and be involved in political issues. It opened my eyes to my role in safeguarding this nation by helping in the thrust against terrorism.

Practical Book Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Practical Book Review - Essay Example Jim Petersen, the author of the book â€Å"Why Don’t We Listen Better? Communicating & Connecting in Relationships,† aims to explore the different ways in improving interpersonal communication processes. This book provides useful insights to those who want to improve the way they relate and communicate to those around them. The book utilizes sensible techniques, practical tips, and simple examples derived from years of counseling and pastoral ministry experiences of Dr. Petersen. The book emphasizes how in daily communication, people are often left disconnected, misunderstood, and unheard. This depicts how daily communication appear to be courtroom-like, causing people to be in conflict with each other. Additionally, the flat-brain theory discussed in the book gives a tongue-in-cheek, yet clear, explanation on why and how people get affected with emotions, and provides tips on what to do about it particularly when it gets in the way of meaningful communication with othe r people. It gives a logical structure in managing emotionally-charged discussions and situations. By making the readers understand how the brain works under pressure, stress, or attack, Dr.

The Turn of the Screw Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Turn of the Screw - Essay Example Hence, the prologue introduces the story as a long-kept secret that is about to be revealed. The secret as narrative strategy consists in the omission of information by the narrator, in order to maintain the narrative suspense among the readers, which can be compared to Douglas’s attitudes towards his audience. An atmosphere of mystery surrounds Douglas’s introduction of the story: his agitation, his reluctance to tell too many details (â€Å"You’ll easily judge†¦ you will† [24], â€Å"That will come out. I don’t anticipate† [28]) and his hiding of the governess’s manuscript before he decided to read it. From the prologue, it becomes obvious that the narrator is not only a subject who tells, but also a subject who allows herself/himself to remain silent. As soon as the narrator chooses â€Å"not to tell† everything, we notice that the great secret of the ghostly experience is made of a chain of â€Å"little† secrets, some of which are partially revealed (the cause of the former governess’s death, the reason of Miles’s expulsion from boarding school), whereas others remain untold, and the very ending of the story becomes a secret to the readers, that is, Miles’s death, a question that has generated a lot of interpretations among the scholars. Priscilla Walton assumes Miles’s death as a Pyrrhic victory of the governess’s over the ghost of Peter Quint, who possessed little Miles (315). She states that he died due to his conflict on sexualities. On the contrary, Teahan claims that Miles was strangled by the governess. The climax of the story coincides with the governess’s fatal â€Å"reading† of Miles: unable to tolerate the ambiguity of his failure to conform to her polarized stereotypes of the sexually innocent â€Å"angel† and corrupt â€Å"fiend†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦, she fixes his meaning by strangling him in a deadly literalization of the recurring metaphors of â€Å"seizing† and â€Å"grasping† that track her struggle

Technology and its affect to geography research Essay

Technology and its affect to geography research - Essay Example GIS is changing the landscape of geographical technology with its novel ways of data collection, measurement, modeling, structuring, indexing, processing, and visualizing. The recent era has seen many technological improvements in the field of geographic research by advancing spatial technology including aerial photography, aviation, and remote sensing (Shelley, Bigler, and Aspinall, 38). The cold war era was one during which important developments were made in the field of space technology. The pressure and the space race prompted fast response from both sides and so the cold war was significant in sparking a competition which speeded geographic research. This also coincided with generous federal budgets for such projects and hence, many key developments were during this time. The time also corresponds to when people started examining the role of geographic research on the society and lives of the people. Some technologies developed after the cold war era includes GIS, micro-computers, and the internet. Indeed, these three technologies go hand in hand. Without powerful microcomputers it would be nearly impossible to model and analyze large volumes geographical data and without the internet long distance communication would not be so easy. Remote sensing has allowed the gathering of long distance geographical data without direct contact. This has enabled large amounts of spatial data to be captures and stored into a GIS without having to establish close contact. GIS now work to record, store, analyze, and map geographical data obtained from a GIS. There has already been close contemplation regarding the social, economic, and strategic implications of using a GIS. Many organizations and cities have implemented their own GIS and strategies so as to make use of the spatial data to their full potential. A GIS combines many layers of location data to allow a better spatial visualization of a place. The GIS system infrastructure is supported by cartographic

Disadvantages of Physical Education

Disadvantages of Physical Education Mandatory physical education for students in elementary through high school is designed with the best intentions like promoting a healthier lifestyle, and aiding students in uncovering their potential talent. But as good as these intentions may seem they all fall short of its goals due to restricting students freedom of choice, a mounting budget deficit, and constant bullying. All these countless shortfalls cause a string of unforeseen problems such as impairing academic success, vast emotional damage, immense psychological harm, and painful physical damage. Although many parents consider physical education as an important part of the public education system, children should not have to participate in physical education if they do not want to. Physical Education should not be mandatory in public education for students in elementary through high school since it impairs learning, emotional, and physical harm to students causing immense damage that are not beneficial to students. I am troubled about mandatory physical education for students in elementary through high school. Physical education went through a long journey to become what it is today. It all started in 776 B.C. where Greeks held the first Olympiad. Later on in 1814 Demark establishes the Bill of 1814 the first ever compulsory physical education bill. In 1825 Charles Beck becomes the first teacher to teach physical education. In 1866, California passed the physical education legislation, becoming the first state to ever do so. Afterwards in 1896 Athens, Greece held the first modern Olympic game (Zeigler). Throughout all these years, physical education maintained its core values, fostering an environment for students to improve their comprehension, skill sets, capacities, and principles (Kelso). Problem starts when physical education becomes mandatory especially in schools where all these values begin to shift for the worst part. Students lose their freedom of choice, being forced into a highly co mpetitive world of sports where injuries, psychological drama, and fear of losing become a predominant possibility (FLEMING). Whether physical education should be made mandatory in public education for students in elementary through high school is a highly controversial topic since physical education comes with a heavy price by stripping students of their freedom of choice, and a enhanced education due to lack of funding. Making physical education mandatory in public education for students in elementary through high school intensifies an ongoing budget crisis. In just the state of California alone there is already an 11.2 billion dollar deficit. Across the United States, state tax revenues are down because of the worldwide economic slump. Each year schools receive only limited amounts of state and federal funding, funds depend on population and student academic performance (BBC). According to the Los Angeles Times many schools are already struggling with increased furloughs, and widespread teacher layoffs(Mehta). If physical education were to become mandatory then funds would be stretched even more sparsely. For example making physical education compulsory in elementary and high schools nationwide would be establishing an entirely new department just for physical education, and building new gyms and football fields. All these so called innovations take away scarce resources which could have been bette r used on vital academic lessons. Our students deserve a better future and making physical education mandatory is not the answer. Ms. Weissman, the current head of physical education at Tenafly High School argues that physical education helps students uncover their hidden talent, and helps them use it to their full potential (Weissman). I cannot argue the fact that physical education allows students to try out diverse sports and experience a variety of sports. Nevertheless students can uncover their talents outside of school sidestepping the bullying and physiological damage that usually occurs with physical education. According to a nationwide poll in 2004 done by Southwest Wisconsin Youth Survey 19% of all teens responded to some or quite a bit when asked how much do you worry about being picked on or physically hurt by another teen? (SWYS). Also, 19% is an enormous number that means that two out of every ten students are being bullied. Besides 19% is an understatement since most students that are bulled are too ashamed, scared, or hurt to admit it. There are countless more students that are being bullied but are not documented. Students have a hard time learning when they are constantly being bullied and put down by fellow classmates. Being successful in sports only occurs when both talent and interest are mixed in. Physical education in school only impairs on student academic success it should not be made mandatory. Cristina S. Barroso the current assistant professor of health promotion and behavioral science at University of Texas Health Science Center argues that physical education should be mandatory since the government is concerned about the well being of its citizens by promoting physical activity in students through mandatory physical education assists students in fighting obesity, and maintaining long-term habits of working out (Barroso). While I cannot argue the fact that physical activities promote good health my point is that students should at least be allowed a choice. They should be able to do what they want with their body. They are young sensible adults on the verge of adulthood and deserve to be able to make their own decisions and learn from their own mistakes, it is all part of life and growing up. An essay appeared in Journal of Law and Education, a journal published by the University of South Carolina Law Center. In School Liability: The Danger of Mandatory Physical Educatio n Classes, Heather Sanders the Health argues that forcing students to do what they may not want to do can lead to dire consequences. Consequences like depression, injuries, and anxiety are just a few of the many consequences that occur when physical education becomes mandatory (Sanders). It is also outrageous to say that physical education can actually make a real world difference to students health. Physical education is highly inefficient; there are countless more efficient ways of ensuring a healthy population than forcing students to run a lap once a week, a simple change in their diet to healthier foods and walking instead of driving to school would do just fine (NCCDPH).Taking away freedom of choice for students is a big mistake since having freedom is essential to being an America, physical education should not be compulsory in public education for students in elementary through high school. No one can argue the fact that exercise is highly beneficial for people of all ages but making physical education mandatory for students in elementary through high school is not the answer. The goal of physical education is to encourage a healthier lifestyle, promoting students to become well rounded individuals, and assisting students in finding their potential talent, but in reality all these benefits fall short once physical education becomes mandatory. Once students lose their freedom of choice, have budget cuts kick in, and are constantly being bullied a series of unforeseen problems arises such as underperforming academically, vast emotional damage, immense mental suffering, and constant physical abuse. Disadvantages Of Physical Education Disadvantages Of Physical Education Mandatory physical education for students in elementary through high school is designed with the best intentions like promoting a healthier lifestyle, and aiding students in uncovering their potential talent. But as good as these intentions may seem they all fall short of its goals due to restricting students freedom of choice, a mounting budget deficit, and constant bullying. All these countless shortfalls cause a string of unforeseen problems such as impairing academic success, vast emotional damage, immense psychological harm, and painful physical damage. Although many parents consider physical education as an important part of the public education system, children should not have to participate in physical education if they do not want to. Physical Education should not be mandatory in public education for students in elementary through high school since it impairs learning, emotional, and physical harm to students causing immense damage that are not beneficial to students. I am troubled about mandatory physical education for students in elementary through high school. Physical education went through a long journey to become what it is today. It all started in 776 B.C. where Greeks held the first Olympiad. Later on in 1814 Demark establishes the Bill of 1814 the first ever compulsory physical education bill. In 1825 Charles Beck becomes the first teacher to teach physical education. In 1866, California passed the physical education legislation, becoming the first state to ever do so. Afterwards in 1896 Athens, Greece held the first modern Olympic game (Zeigler). Throughout all these years, physical education maintained its core values, fostering an environment for students to improve their comprehension, skill sets, capacities, and principles (Kelso). Problem starts when physical education becomes mandatory especially in schools where all these values begin to shift for the worst part. Students lose their freedom of choice, being forced into a highly co mpetitive world of sports where injuries, psychological drama, and fear of losing become a predominant possibility (FLEMING). Whether physical education should be made mandatory in public education for students in elementary through high school is a highly controversial topic since physical education comes with a heavy price by stripping students of their freedom of choice, and a enhanced education due to lack of funding. Making physical education mandatory in public education for students in elementary through high school intensifies an ongoing budget crisis. In just the state of California alone there is already an 11.2 billion dollar deficit. Across the United States, state tax revenues are down because of the worldwide economic slump. Each year schools receive only limited amounts of state and federal funding, funds depend on population and student academic performance (BBC). According to the Los Angeles Times many schools are already struggling with increased furloughs, and widespread teacher layoffs(Mehta). If physical education were to become mandatory then funds would be stretched even more sparsely. For example making physical education compulsory in elementary and high schools nationwide would be establishing an entirely new department just for physical education, and building new gyms and football fields. All these so called innovations take away scarce resources which could have been bette r used on vital academic lessons. Our students deserve a better future and making physical education mandatory is not the answer. Ms. Weissman, the current head of physical education at Tenafly High School argues that physical education helps students uncover their hidden talent, and helps them use it to their full potential (Weissman). I cannot argue the fact that physical education allows students to try out diverse sports and experience a variety of sports. Nevertheless students can uncover their talents outside of school sidestepping the bullying and physiological damage that usually occurs with physical education. According to a nationwide poll in 2004 done by Southwest Wisconsin Youth Survey 19% of all teens responded to some or quite a bit when asked how much do you worry about being picked on or physically hurt by another teen? (SWYS). Also, 19% is an enormous number that means that two out of every ten students are being bullied. Besides 19% is an understatement since most students that are bulled are too ashamed, scared, or hurt to admit it. There are countless more students that are being bullied but are not documented. Students have a hard time learning when they are constantly being bullied and put down by fellow classmates. Being successful in sports only occurs when both talent and interest are mixed in. Physical education in school only impairs on student academic success it should not be made mandatory. Cristina S. Barroso the current assistant professor of health promotion and behavioral science at University of Texas Health Science Center argues that physical education should be mandatory since the government is concerned about the well being of its citizens by promoting physical activity in students through mandatory physical education assists students in fighting obesity, and maintaining long-term habits of working out (Barroso). While I cannot argue the fact that physical activities promote good health my point is that students should at least be allowed a choice. They should be able to do what they want with their body. They are young sensible adults on the verge of adulthood and deserve to be able to make their own decisions and learn from their own mistakes, it is all part of life and growing up. An essay appeared in Journal of Law and Education, a journal published by the University of South Carolina Law Center. In School Liability: The Danger of Mandatory Physical Educatio n Classes, Heather Sanders the Health argues that forcing students to do what they may not want to do can lead to dire consequences. Consequences like depression, injuries, and anxiety are just a few of the many consequences that occur when physical education becomes mandatory (Sanders). It is also outrageous to say that physical education can actually make a real world difference to students health. Physical education is highly inefficient; there are countless more efficient ways of ensuring a healthy population than forcing students to run a lap once a week, a simple change in their diet to healthier foods and walking instead of driving to school would do just fine (NCCDPH).Taking away freedom of choice for students is a big mistake since having freedom is essential to being an America, physical education should not be compulsory in public education for students in elementary through high school. No one can argue the fact that exercise is highly beneficial for people of all ages but making physical education mandatory for students in elementary through high school is not the answer. The goal of physical education is to encourage a healthier lifestyle, promoting students to become well rounded individuals, and assisting students in finding their potential talent, but in reality all these benefits fall short once physical education becomes mandatory. Once students lose their freedom of choice, have budget cuts kick in, and are constantly being bullied a series of unforeseen problems arises such as underperforming academically, vast emotional damage, immense mental suffering, and constant physical abuse.

The Aesthetics of Pop Music Essay -- Popular Music

â€Å"It All Sounds The Same These Days!†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In just about every home in America at just about any given time the words: â€Å"It all sounds the same these days!† is uttered to a teenage child, while the mother is screaming â€Å"Turn it down!† in the background. The teenager storms to his bedroom and turns the radio up to full volume and thinks, â€Å"They just don’t get it!† Then proceeds to dance around the room singing into the hairbrush. This is the pleasure principal of pop music. Whether accredited to innocence or ignorance, a unreconciled naivety has survived this culture since its inception. They’re everywhere. We cannot escape the wrath of teen pop bands, you can love ‘em or hate ‘em, but they are a representation of an ever changing culture.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is the pop music phenomenon? Most pop music uses a â€Å"commercial† approach to songwriting which limits the use of complicated musical devices, this is said to be what makes pop music. â€Å"Popular music is popular because the composition hears for the listener and is pre-digested.†(Adorno, Theodore, On Popular Music 1941) Pop music contains simple, chord driven, repetitious, square phrased (4 bar) melodies that are catchy and easily singable. The phrases in these sections are generally 4, 8, 12, or 16 measures long. Most pop songs have a catchy 8 measure phrase that is repeated 6-8 times throughout the song. This attributes to the ever so frequently heard â€Å"It was on the radio this morning and I just can’t get it out of my head† phenomeno...

Putting the Service †Profit Chain to Work

PUTTING THE SERVICE – PROFIT CHAIN TO WORK Group – 5 Introduction: Factors that drives profitability Investment in people Leadership Vision – Patina of spirituality, importance of mundane Profitability Technology supporting frontline workers Successful service companies: Banc One, Intuit, Southwest Airlines, Service Master, USAA, Taco Bell, and MCI Compensation linked to performance Recruiting and training practices The Service – Profit Chain †¢ Establishes relationships between profitability, customer loyalty, and employee satisfaction, loyalty and productivity †¢ Measure and management techniquesSupport services and policies Employee loyalty, satisfaction, productivity Value and service Customer satisfaction Customer loyalty Profit and growth The Links in the Service-Profit Chain †¢The service profit chain is also defined by a special leadership †¢Examples: Herbert Kelleher – Southwest (Patina of spirituality), William Pollard – ServiceMaster (Teacher-learner managers, servant’s heart), John McCoy- Banc One (Uncommon Partnership, system of support) Customer Loyalty that drives Profitability and Growth 5% increase in customer loyalty can produce profit increases from 25% to 85% †¢ Quality of market share in terms of customer loyalty as important as quantity of share in the market †¢ Example: Banc One †¢ Measures of Customer retention †¢ No. of services used by each customer – depth of relationship †¢ Level of customer satisfaction †¢ XEROX Customer satisfaction Drives Customer Loyalty †¢ Polled 480,000 customers per year †¢ Five point scale – satisfaction(product and service) †¢ Relationships between the scores – actual loyalty differed greatly between 5s and 4s apostles †¢ Terrorists – unhappy customersValue drives Customer Satisfaction †¢ Value – related to the total costs (price and other costs incurr ed) †¢ Example: †¢ Progressive – insurance company – Quick processing and payment to claims – Little policy holder effort – CAT (catastrophe) team Employee Productivity Drives Value †¢ Southwest Airlines †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ 7th largest US domestic carrier 86% of employees unionized (total 14,000) Employees can perform several jobs Schedules, routes and company practices to enable speedy boarding and deplaning (15 min. 40% more pilot (70hr/month) and aircraft utilization Fare charges 60-70% lower Customer perceptions of value are very high without additional facilities 14,000 employees – marketing research unit Employee loyalty drives productivity †¢ Study of automobile dealer’s sales personnel †¢ More employee turn over more loss Employee Satisfaction drives Loyalty †¢ Propriety study of a property and casualty insurance company †¢ Southwest – highest reten tion (95%) †¢ USAA – Insurance and financial services providerInternal Quality drives Employee Satisfaction †¢ Working environment †¢ USAA – telephone sales and service representatives †¢ Information system †¢ Training †¢ ServiceMaster †¢ Attitudes of people toward one another †¢ Cleaning and maintenance †¢ Importance to mundane Leadership Underlies the Chain’s Success †¢ Corporate culture centered on service †¢ Willingness and ability to listen †¢ Examples Relating Links in the chain for management Action †¢ Few have links in meaningful way †¢ Examples Property and casualty insurance company †¢ MCI †¢ Taco Bell  » Employee participation  » Periodic round table meetings, interviews Service – Profit Chain Audit †¢ PROFIT AND GROWTH †¢ How do we define loyal customers? †¢ Do measurements of customer profitability include profits from referrals? †¢ What pr oportion of business development expenditures and incentives directed to the retention of existing customers?†¢ Why do customers defect? Service – Profit Chain Audit †¢ CUSTOMER SATISFACTION †¢ Are customer satisfaction data gathered in an objective, consistent, and periodic fashion? Where are the listening posts for obtaining customer feedback in your organization? †¢ How is information concerning customer satisfaction used to solve customer problems? Service – Profit Chain Audit †¢ EXTERNAL SERVICE VALUE †¢ how do you measure service value? †¢ How is information concerning customers’ perceptions of value shared with those responsible for designing a product or service? †¢ To what extent are measures taken of differences between customers’ perceptions of quality delivered and their expectations before delivery? Do our organization’s efforts to improve external service quality emphasize effective recovery fro m service errors in addition to providing a service right the first time?Service – Profit Chain Audit †¢ Employee productivity †¢ How do you measure employee productivity? to what extent do measures of productivity identify changes in the quality as well as the quantity of service produced per unit of input? †¢ Employee loyalty †¢ How do you create employee loyalty? †¢ Employee Satisfaction Is employee satisfaction measured in ways that can be linked to similar measures of customer satisfaction with sufficient frequency and consistency to establish trends for management use? †¢ Are employee selection criteria and methods geared to what customers as well as managers believe are important? †¢ To what extent measures of customer satisfaction, loyalty or the quality and quantity of service output used in recognizing and rewarding? Service – Profit Chain Audit†¢ INTERNAL SERVICE QUALITY Do employees know who their customers are? †¢ Employee satisfaction with technological and personal support? †¢ LEADERSHIP – To what extent – – – – – Energetic, creative vs stately, conservative? Participatory, caring vs removed, elistist? Listening, coaching and teaching? Motivating by mission vs motivating by fear? Leading by means personal values vs institutionalized policies? Time spent developing and maintaining culture? †¢ RELATING MEASURES †¢ what are the most important relationships in company’s service profit chain? .